Is the presence of witnesses in permanent and temporary marriage contracts a religious obligation?
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1 Answer
Peace be upon you and God's mercy and blessings.
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Khamenei and Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sistani (may God protect them):
Witnessing is not considered a requirement for the validity of the contract (both permanent and temporary).
May you be successful in all good.
Source:
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Khamenei (may God protect him): Tahrir al-Wasilah, Marriage, on Some of Its Etiquettes and Rules, M5
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sistani (may God protect him): Official Website