A girl practiced masturbation without knowing its ruling and was unaware of its implications. After learning about its prohibition and the requirement of ghusl (ritual purification), she believed that other forms of ghusl, such as the ghusl for Friday and menstruation, sufficed for the ghusl of janabah (major impurity). She continued to pray, fast, and perform Umrah under the assumption that she was in a state of purity. After realizing the necessity of performing ghusl for janabah, she did so. What is the ruling regarding her prayers, fasts, and Umrah performed while in a state of janabah?
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1 Answer
Peace be upon you.
Ayatollah Khamenei (may Allah protect him):
The only ghusl that suffices for wudu (ablution) is the ghusl of janabah (major impurity). Other ghusls, such as that for menstruation, do not suffice for wudu according to the fatwa, not as a precaution. Therefore, you must make up all the prayers that you are certain you performed while in a state of janabah without a valid ghusl.
As for fasting, if you engaged in this act while fasting and were aware that it invalidates the fast, you must make up the fast and pay a compensatory penalty (kafara). If you were unaware that it invalidated the fast but knew it was forbidden, you must make up the fast and, as a precaution, pay the kafara. If you were unaware of its prohibition, you only need to make up the fast. Regarding the days that followed, if you were ignorant of the issue of janabah or were certain that fasting was valid while remaining in a state of janabah, you do not need to make it up, and your fast is considered valid. However, it is advisable to make it up in the latter case. If you were aware of the issue of janabah but uncertain about the requirement of ghusl, you should make up those days as a precaution; otherwise, you must make up both the fast and pay the kafara. Regarding Umrah, if someone in a state of major or minor impurity performs the tawaf (circumambulation), it is invalid, even if they were unaware or forgetful. They must redo the tawaf and the prayer, even if they realize the lack of purity after completing the acts of Umrah or Hajj.
Source: Official Website + Special Inquiry + Hajj Rituals - Umrah Acts - Tawaf and Prayer - Conditions of Tawaf - Purity from Major and Minor Impurity - M 283
Ayatollah Sistani (may Allah protect him):
You must make up the prayers you performed after becoming janabah until the first valid ghusl you performed, whether it was obligatory or recommended, such as the ghusl for Friday. If you are unsure of the number of those prayers, it suffices to make up the certain ones, meaning the least number.
As for fasting, if you engaged in masturbation during fasting while being unaware that it invalidates the fast and unaware that it is forbidden, and your ignorance was not due to negligence and you were not hesitant about the matter, your fast is not considered invalid. This applies to the fast before the first valid ghusl you performed; after that, it is valid in any case. Regarding Umrah, since it appears from your statement that you performed a valid ghusl before it, such as the ghusl for menstruation or Friday, your Umrah is valid.
Source: Official Website + Minhaj al-Salihin, Vol. 1, Book of Fasting » Completion of Committing Invalidators by Forgetfulness, Coercion, or Necessity.
May you be successful in all good.