A sick person who cannot fast during Ramadan is inquiring whether they are required to pay Zakat al-Fitr or a compensation for not fasting.
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1 Answer
Peace be upon you.
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Khamenei (may Allah protect him):
Yes, he must pay Zakat al-Fitr, and the obligation to pay Zakat al-Fitr is not limited to those who are able to fast. Additionally, he must pay a compensation for his illness if it continues until the next Ramadan and he is unable to make up the fasts. This compensation is to feed one poor person with a measure (750 grams) of food for each day, but it can only be paid when the next Ramadan arrives.
Source: Fiqh al-Wali - Rulings on Zakat al-Fitr + Special Inquiry
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sistani (may Allah protect him):
Yes, he must pay Zakat al-Fitr, and the obligation to pay Zakat al-Fitr is not limited to those who are able to fast. Furthermore, he must pay a compensation for his illness if it continues until the next Ramadan and he is unable to make up the fasts. This compensation is to feed one poor person with a measure (750 grams) of food for each day, but it can only be paid after the illness persists to a point where he cannot fast or make up the fasts (i.e., the time becomes tight with the arrival of the second Ramadan and his inability to fast or make up the fasts).
Source: Minhaj al-Salihin - Vol. 1 - Conditions for the Obligation of Fitr and Some of Its Rulings + Rulings on Making Up Ramadan and Cases of Obligation for Compensation - M 1050 + Official Website
May you be successful in all good.