A person is uncertain about the year in which they intentionally broke their fast. They are unsure if it was this year or the previous one. They seek guidance on what ruling applies to them and whether the expiation (kafara) is repeated with the passing of years.
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1 Answer
Peace be upon you and God's mercy and blessings.
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Khamenei and Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sistani (may God protect them):
- First: There is no difference in the expiation (kafara) whether it is for the previous year or the one before it, and the expiation does not repeat with the passing of more than one year since the intentional breaking of the fast without making up for it.
- Second: What is required of you
- If someone intentionally breaks their fast during the day in the month of Ramadan without a valid excuse, it invalidates their fast and requires them to make it up. It also necessitates the expiation for the intentional breaking of the fast, regardless of whether they are aware of the obligation of expiation or not.
- The expiation for intentionally breaking the fast is optional between feeding sixty needy people or fasting for two consecutive months.
- Feeding sixty needy people can be accomplished in two ways:
1. Satisfying them with ready-made food.
2. Giving each one of them a measure (750 grams) of wheat, flour, bread, rice, or other types of food items.
- If a person did not fast during Ramadan intentionally and did not make up for the missed days without a valid excuse until the next Ramadan arrives, in addition to making up the fast and the expiation for the intentional breaking of the fast, they must also pay a penalty for each day of delay (a measure of food for each day) to the poor.
May you be successful in all good.
Source:
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Khamenei (may God protect him): Message on Prayer and Fasting - Fasting - Cases of Obligation for Making Up and Expiation for Intentional Breaking M879 + Expiation for Intentional Breaking of the Fast M 887 + 888 + Expiation for Delay M928 + 929
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sistani (may God protect him): Minhaj al-Salihin - Vol 1 - Rulings on Making Up Ramadan and Cases of Obligation for Expiation M 1051 + Expiation for Fasting + Minhaj al-Salihin - Vol 3 - Rulings on Expiations M 766