A student travels to Beirut three days a week for studies. The question is whether they should pray in full or shorten their prayers, and what the ruling is regarding fasting if they travel to Beirut not for study purposes.
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1 Answer
Peace be upon you and God's mercy and blessings.
Ayatollah Khamenei (may God protect him):
In this case, it is obligatory to combine both shortening and completing the prayers, as well as fasting and making up for it later. Alternatively, you may refer to another religious authority who meets the conditions and is the most knowledgeable, who states that you should complete your prayers and fast correctly at your place of study, so you do not have to combine shortening and completing your prayers or making up for fasting. However, if you travel to your place of study not for the purpose of studying, you must shorten your prayers and your fasting is not valid.
Source: Official Site - Answers to Inquiries - Rulings for Students - M 652 + Official Site - Answers to Inquiries - Those Whose Travel is Work or Preparation for Work - M 645
Ayatollah Sistani (may God protect him):
In this case, you fall under the category of frequent travelers, and you must complete your prayers and fast during any travel, whether to university or elsewhere, for study, leisure, or other purposes. Yes, during the first two weeks, it is advisable to combine shortening and completing your prayers and fasting and making up for it.
The rule for frequent travelers is as follows:
Frequent travel applies to someone who travels repeatedly as part of their profession or for another purpose, traveling at least ten times a month for ten days, or being in a travel state for at least ten days a month, whether through two or three trips, with the intention to continue this pattern for six months in one year, or for three months over two years or more, in which case they complete their prayers and fast. However, during the first two weeks of their travels, it is advisable for them to combine shortening and completing their prayers and fasting and making up for it.
Source: Official Site
May you be successful in all good.