The question addresses the situation of a traveler who is required to pray shortened prayers (Qasr) but instead prays in full. The response includes rulings from two prominent Islamic scholars regarding this matter.
[AR_ID:1974]
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1 Answer
Peace be upon you.
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sistani (may Allah protect him):
1- If a person who is required to pray shortened prayers prays in full, and they are aware of the ruling, their prayer is invalid, and they must repeat it or make up for it.
2- If they are unaware of the ruling, meaning they did not know that shortening prayers is permissible for travelers or that it is obligatory for them, they are not required to repeat it, nor make it up.
3- If they know the general ruling but are unaware of specific details that necessitate shortening, such as the end of their stay upon leaving a certain distance, or that a sinner can shorten their prayer upon returning to obedience, then if they realize the ruling during the prayer time, it is strongly recommended to repeat the prayer, but they are not required to make it up if they realize it after the time has passed.
4- If they are unaware of the situation, for example, they did not know that their destination was a distance, and they prayed in full, only to find out later that it was indeed a distance, or if they forgot they were traveling or forgot that the ruling for travelers is to shorten their prayers, then if they remember during the prayer time, they must repeat it, but if they remember after the time has passed, they are not required to make it up.
5- If they prayed in full due to forgetfulness while knowing the ruling and not forgetting it, they must repeat the prayer within the time, and it is strongly recommended to make it up if they remember after the time has passed.
Source: Minhaj al-Salihin, Vol. 1, Issue 945.
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Khamenei (may Allah protect him):
1. If a traveler knows that they must shorten their prayers during their legitimate travel and knows that they have covered the required distance, yet they pray in full knowingly and intentionally, their prayer is invalid, and they must repeat it.
2- If the traveler is unaware that the ruling for travelers is to shorten their prayers and prays in full, their prayer is valid.
3- If someone knows that they must shorten their prayers while traveling but is unaware of certain specifics (such as needing to shorten if the travel is 41 km), and they pray in full, it is strongly recommended that they repeat the prayer if the time is still available, and if they realize it after the time has passed, it is strongly recommended to make it up.
4- If they are unaware of the situation, meaning they did not know that their destination was a distance, and they prayed in full, they should repeat or make it up as a strong recommendation.
5- If they prayed in full due to forgetfulness, if they remember during the time, they must repeat it, but if they remember after the time, they are not required to make it up.
Source: Official Site, Q24 + Fiqh of the Guardian: Rulings of Travel: Interruptions of Travel
May you be successful in all good.